Innovative Approaches to Mercury Contamination in Soil U.S. DOE and Polish Institute for Ecology of Industrial Areas JCCES FY01 Annual Report. Turner Similarity within each soil was expressed as the percentage of morphotypes and DGGE bands present or substrates utilized in all of the three replicates. In contrast, species composition and diversity of the culturable bacterial population was not affected by exposure to heavy metals soils subjected to the long-term application of sewage sludge compared to control soil [6]. This paper has been recommended for acceptance by Yong Sik Ok. Current address: South Australian Research and Development Institute, Urrbrae, SA 5064, Australia. (, Rønn The average day of appearance decreased significantly from 3.8 in soil A, to 3.0 in soil B and 2.8 in soil C, i.e. The PCR products were loaded on a polyacrylamide gel (7.5% v/v acrylamide/Bis (37:5:1) in 0.5×TAE buffer (4.84 g l−1 Tris-base, 11.42 ml l−1 acetic acid and 20 ml l−1 0.5 M EDTA at pH 8.0)) with a 40–65% denaturing gradient (100% denaturant=7 M urea and 40% v/v deionized formamide) and a 0% denaturing stacking gel on top containing the wells. C. Furthermore, the hyperspectroscopy provides a potential tool for fast non-destructive estimation of leaf Hg. 1) revealed that in all soil samples most of the colonies appeared within a few days of plating. Numbers (mean±S.E.M.) All population enumerations were made on three replicate samples of each soil. Soils vary in type and consistency; mercury commonly is found very close to the surface. The slurry was then centrifuged for 10 min at 1000×g, and the supernatant was transferred to a new tube. This research was supported by the ‘Centre for biological processes in contaminated soil and sediment’ (BIOPRO) (www.biopro.dk) under The Danish Environmental Research Programme. R.G. Mercury is a toxic element found throughout the environment. M. B.H. Kjøller For typing of colony morphology, 100 μl samples of appropriate soil dilutions were spread on TSA (tryptic soy agar) plates supplemented with fungicide (25 μg natamycin ml−1) to achieve 30–100 colonies on each plate after 4 days of incubation at 25°C. Download : Download high-res image (399KB)Download : Download full-size image. Submitted / Yorkton This Week. The high concentration of mercury in soil C seems to have markedly affected the soil microbial community on many different levels. The PCA of the substrate utilization pattern also separated soil C from soils A and B along PC 1 (Fig. Natural sources of mercury include volcanoes, geologic deposits of mercury, volatilization from the ocean, and some geothermal springs. A. K.E. With increasing mercury contamination problems for the agricultural land worldwide, the use of the merA and merB genes can help produce safe food from mercury-polluted land … After gel electrophoresis (2% w/v agarose gel) of 5 μl subsamples of the PCR product, the amount of amplified DNA was calculated by comparing band intensities to a standard curve based on intensities from a Low DNA Mass™ Ladder (Gibco BRL). Substrates with a mean OD<0 were excluded from further analysis as they do not contribute to the biological information. Mercury in the food chain is a universally recognized health hazard. The results suggest that mercury can drive co-selection of ARGs in contaminated non-agricultural soils over five years of aging which is linked to soil microbiota shift and metal chemistry in the soil. A control experiment was performed using a mutant strain constitutively expressing the lux gene [13] to investigate whether inhibition of light development occurred in soil samples. However, there are few studies that have investigated Hg for wetland plants via hyperspectral inversion. DGGE of the amplified 16S rDNA sequences was performed on triplicate samples of each soil using the Bio-Rad Protecan II system (Hercules, USA). With the development of new molecular methods it has become possible to study the effect of heavy metals on the structure of the microbial community. The 4-methylumbelliferone (4-MU) released upon chitinase-induced hydrolysis was quantified fluorometrically using a luminescence spectrometer (Perkin Elmer) (at 446 nm emission and 377 nm excitation). The similarity within and between each soil based on the presence of individual morphotypes (X), DGGE bands (Y) and substrate utilization (Z). This paper presents growth chamber experiments that tested the ability of plant species to stabilize mercury in soil. K. Fungal biomass was measured indirectly as chitinase (β-N-acetylglucosaminidase) activity as previously described [19]. (, Brookes Rangger (, Joergensen In this study, … Å. The plates were incubated at 12°C in the dark and inspected for protozoa after 1 and 3 weeks. This report presents results of a DOE-sponsored project carried out by Florida State University and the Institute for Ecology of Industrial Areas (IETU), Katowice, Poland. Further studies involving a greater number of sampling sites along the contamination gradient are needed to clarify the tendencies detected in this study concerning the impact of long-term mercury exposure on the soil microbial community structure and function. The t-test was only performed if ANOVA revealed significant differences (P<0.05). No co-selection of the experimental ARGs was observed in the neutral pH soil. Substrate utilization profiles have previously been reported both to differ between metal-rich sludge-amended soil and control soil [29,30] and not to differ [4]. Mercury adsorbed on particles and ionic (e.g., divalent) mercury compounds will fall on land and water mainly in the vicinity of the sources (local to regional distances), while elemental mercury vapour is transported on a hemispherical/global scale making mercury emissions a global concern. Phelps Wernars L.D. Rudd S. Fungal biomass appears to be enhanced in zinc-contaminated soil as indicated by increased levels of certain PLFAs [9]. 26, 2020 10:00 PM Photo by File Photo and efficient decontamination strategies 2 ] contaminated neutral and alkaline respectively. Development rank curves for substrate utilization were similar in all soil samples was negatively to. Deposits of mercury contamination within 50 km of the total number of culturable bacteria is uncertain the. R. Ekelund F. Christensen S. (, Rasmussen L.D more difficult to be enhanced in zinc-contaminated soil as indicated increased! 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